食品安全的经济学
Food safety economics
国内食品安全问题可谓一浪接一浪。近来，先是“蒸功夫”包子因涉嫌使用血脖肉、肉味香精被曝光，后是警方破获特大地沟油案，证实万吨地沟油流入市场。闻听这两则新闻，恐怕不少消费者在心惊肉跳、口诛笔伐之余，亦会痛下决心往后自己在家蒸包子炒菜做饭，省得在外就餐花钱遭暗算。
Domestic food safety problem is a wave after wave. Recently, the first is the" Kung Fu steamed bun" for allegedly using blood neck meat, meat flavor by exposure, after the police uncovered large trench oil case, confirmed million tons of waste oil into the market. Hearing these stories, I'm afraid many consumers in the shudder with fear, than to condemn both in speech and in writing, will be determined later yourself at home cooking steamed buns, save money by eating out.
　　实际上，为应对食品安全危机，家庭主妇中此前已开始流行购买酸奶机、面包机，现在看来，她们还得再练练蒸包子的功夫。
In fact, as a response to the food security crisis, housewives have already popular buy yogurt machine, bread machine, now looks like, they also need some practice Kung Fu steamed buns.
　　主妇们回归厨房，家庭减少购买食品、外出就餐的机会，家家户户，积少成多，必然会对整体消费产生负面影响。虽然主妇们自制食品需要购买原材料、小家电，但就像酸奶机、面包机的广告所说，如果你自制食品达到一定的量，成本肯定要低于外购商品，毕竟这里面省却了人工成本、租金成本，也就是说总体算下来，你的消费支出肯定是减少了。
Women return to the kitchen, family buy less food, dining out opportunities, each and every family, many a little make a mickle., will have a negative impact on overall consumption. Although the housewives homemade food need to purchase raw materials, small appliances, but like yogurt machine bread machine, the ad said, if your homemade food reaches a certain amount, the cost must be lower than the commodity purchased, after all which obviates the artificial cost, rent cost, that is to say the overall count down, your consumption expenditure must is reduced.
　　金融危机后，英美等国家的主妇们为了节省开支开始自己养鸡、种菜、做饭，但这与中国家庭主妇回归厨房截然不同，前者属于过度消费后的纠偏，而后者则尽显正常消费下的无奈。
After the financial crisis, Britain and the United States and other countries in order to save money to start their own housewives of chicken, vegetables, cooking, but this and Chinese housewife kitchen different regression, former belong to excessive consumption after the correction, while the latter shows normal consumption.
　　食品安全问题目前从民生层面探讨得比较多，但其对消费增长潜力的影响也不容忽视。与发达因家不同，食品支出至今在我国城乡居民的生活中仍然占有相当大的比重。有关资料显示，美国自1980年以来的恩格尔系数平均为16.45%，日本1990年以来平均为24.12%，而2010年中国的恩格尔系数达到39.76%。可见，如果食品安全问题得不到有效的改观，国民的消费潜力将被抑制，扩大消费市场也将遇到阻力。
Food safety problems from the people's livelihood of more, but its potential effects on consumption growth also nots allow to ignore. And developed by different, food expenses so far in our country urban and rural dweller life still has quite large proportion. Concerned data shows, the United States of America since 1980 the Engel coefficient for an average of 16.45%, Japan since 1990 for an average of 24.12%, and in 2010 China 's Engel coefficient reached 39.76%. Visible, if the food safety problem is not effectively change, national consumption potential will be suppressed, expanding consumer market will encounter resistance.
　　除主妇们回归厨房外，还有一个消费现象值得关注，那就是为吃到安全放心的食品，越来越多经济实力强的消费群体倾向于购买国外替代品，如洋奶粉、洋水果等等，这些进口食品虽然价格昂贵，但因为给人相对安全的感觉而受到青睐。笔者最近在一家日资商场看到，其所售新西兰产狲猴桃，短短1个多月间3次提价，由每个4.9元、5.9元，直跳到6.9元，但每次总见一些人用眼扫一下价签就往购物篮里放。可见，对于质优价高的食品国内已形成一定的购买力，而随着国民收入的提高，这方面的消费潜力势必上升并有可能释放出来。问题的关键在于国内食品生产厂商能否提供同类优质的产品并赢得消费者的信任，国内的食品安全认证能否进一步规范并得到消费者的认可。
In addition to housewives return to the kitchen, there is also a consumption phenomenon worthy of attention, that is to eat safe food, more and more strong economic strength of consumer groups tend to purchase foreign alternatives, such as foreign milk powder, foreign fruit and so on, these imported food although expensive, but because people relatively safe feeling by favor of. I recently saw in a Japanese shopping malls, the sale of New Zealand production in monkeys peach, 1 many short month price 3, 4.9 yuan, 5.9 yuan each, jumping to 6.9 yuan, but always meet some people with an eye to sweep the price tag to the shopping basket. Visible, the premium food home already formed certain purchasing power, and with the national income rise, the consumption potential is bound to rise and the possibility of release. The key of the problem depends on the domestic food manufacturers can provide similar quality products and win the trust of consumers, domestic food safety certification can be further standardized and recognized by consumers.
　　扩大内需是未来我国经济良性发展的战略选择，而其中扩大消费更是重中之重，因为大规模投资拉动经济增长的弊端日益显现。我国扩大消费的方向是努力提高现代服务业的比重，然而从现实情况来看，由于金融、医疗、电讯等服务业在我国仍具有垄断性，加之服务业的价格总体偏低，因此在全社会消费结构中，商品消费的比重短期来看难以大幅下降。而食品消费在商品消费中的占比虽然趋势是下行的，但未来相当长的一段时间也将占有举足轻重的地位。从上述逻辑推理中我们可以看出，把食品安全提升到拉动消费、促进经济增长的高度来考量并不为过。
Expanding domestic demand is China's future economic development strategy, and the expansion of consumption is the most important, because of the massive investment and stimulate economic growth 's malpractice appears day by day. Our country enlarge consumption direction is to improve the modern service industry the proportion, however, from a realistic point of view, as the financial, medical, telecommunications and other services industry in China still has a monopoly, and the service price is low in general, so the whole society consumption structure, commodity consumption proportion of short term to drop considerably. Food consumption in consumption in the proportion of although the trend is down, but the future for a long period of time will also occupy the position play a decisive role. From the above we can see that the logic reasoning, the food safety to stimulate consumption, promote economic growth is not too high to consider.

[ 关闭本页 ]